VivaTech 2025: The potential impact of artificial intelligence on judicial investigations

At the VivaTech 2025 trade show, held at the Parc des Expositions, Porte de Versailles, General Marc Boget, Director of Digital and Technological Strategy for the National Gendarmerie, examined the potential impact of artificial intelligence on criminal investigations. As a leader in technological innovations and cyber risk management, he will discuss the practical implications of AI, such as image sorting, voice recognition, and intelligent video surveillance. The development of artificial intelligence represents a new revolution, just as fingerprinting and DNA have been in the past. However, technical and regulatory challenges remain, raising crucial questions: can technology replace humans or simply amplify their capabilities? Artificial intelligence (AI) continues to establish itself as an indispensable tool in many sectors, including criminal investigations. At VivaTech 2025, General Marc Boget presented how AI could transform investigative methods through applications such as image sorting, voice recognition, and intelligent video surveillance. But these advances also raise questions about the technical and regulatory limitations of AI.Technological Advances at the Service of Investigators Law enforcement has always sought to integrate new scientific developments to improve the effectiveness of their investigations. From fingerprinting to DNA analysis, each advance has contributed to better crime resolution. With the rise of artificial intelligence, this trend continues and accelerates. AI’s sorting and analysis capabilities allow investigators to manage ever-increasing volumes of data more efficiently. Concrete Applications of AI in InvestigationsAmong the notable applications of AI, image sorting automates the process of searching through thousands of photographs, facilitating the rapid identification of a suspect or a crime scene. Similarly, voice recognition improves the efficiency of phone tapping, making it possible to target relevant conversations for analysis. Intelligent Video Surveillance Intelligent video surveillance also represents a major advancement. Thanks to AI, surveillance cameras can recognize suspicious behavior in real time, simplifying the task of human operators. This technology, while promising, must be used responsibly to respect individual freedoms and avoid excessive surveillance. Technical Limitations and Regulatory Issues No technology is without limits, and AI is no exception. Processing massive data requires a robust technical infrastructure, as well as precise algorithms to avoid false alarms or bias. Furthermore, ethical and regulatory questions arise regarding the widespread use of AI in criminal investigations. The balance between security and confidentiality is a crucial issue to address to ensure the ethical use of these new technologies. Can machines replace humans? Another question raised by these advances is whether AI can replace human investigators. While automation can improve efficiency, human judgment remains essential in sensitive and complex decisions that machines cannot yet grasp. AI therefore acts more as an accelerator of human capabilities, allowing investigators to focus on the most critical aspects of their work.

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